Chapter 2 : Past Simple Tense

Past Simple Active & Passive Voice

Active Voice  S + V2 He wrote a letter to his friend.  Passive Voice S + V to be (was were) + V3 (+ by someone) A letter was written (by him).

Past Simple Negative Form Active & Passive Voice

Active Voice  S + V to do (did) + not + V1 He didn't write a letter to his friend.  Passive Voice S + V to be (was were) + not + V3 (+ by someone) A letter wasn't written (by him).

Past Simple Question Form Active & Passive Voice

Active Voice  V to do (did) + S + V1 Did he write a letter to his friend.  Passive Voice V to be (was were) + S +  V3 (+ by someone) Was a letter written (by him).

Past simple tense used to express an action which took place in the past and have been completed by the time of speaking. It is also used when telling a story. Some of the story begin with the phrase "once upon the time".

Past simple tense ใช้เมื่อพูดถึงเหตุการที่ เกิดขึ้นในอดีตและจบลงไปแล้วในขณะที่พูด และใช้เมื่อเล่านิทานชึ่งบางเรื่องก็เริ่มต้นเรื่องด้วยคำว่า  กาลครั้งหนึ่งนานมาแล้ว เช่นนิทานอีสป

Past Simple Tense Keyword:

yesterday	เมื่อวาน
the day before yesterday	เมื่อวานซืน
last night/week/month/year	เมื่อคืน/สัปดาห์/เดือน/ปี ที่แล้ว
ago	ที่ผ่านมา
this morning	เมื่อเช้านี้
early this year	เมื่อต้นปี
in 2000	ปี 2000
once upon the time	กาลครั้งหนึ่ง
in ancient times	ในสมัยโบราณ
in my childhood	ตอนที่เป็นเด็ก

Usually when we use the following verb we use them in past form. There are 2 type of past tense verb form, regular verb and irregular verb. For common irregular verb form, please visit Irregular Verbs

คำกริยาที่เราใช้ในรูปของ  present simple ซึ่งมีทั้งที่เป็น regular verb และ irregular verb form. irregular verb form ดูได้จาก  Irregular Verbs


Example:

I was late for school this morning. ผมไปโรงเรียนสายเมื่อเช้านี้
In ancient times, we lived without mobile phone and we still could live. ในสมัยโบราณ เราอยู่กันโดยไม่ต้องใช้โทรศัพท์มือถือและเราก็ยังอยู่กันได้ (in the present it has already become the 5th basic necessities -ปัจจุบันกลายเป็นปัจจัยที่ 5 ไปแล้ว)

We celebrated our 12th wedding anniversary last year. เราฉลองวันครบรอบวันแต่งงานรอบที่ 12 เมื่อปีที่แล้ว
My daughters were born in 2009. ลูกสาวของผมเกิดในปี 2009
I was very upset when she didn't turn up. ผมรู้สึกเศร้าเมื่อเธอไม่มาให้เห็น
It wasn't yesterday that I met him, but it was the day before yesterday. ไม่ใช่เมื่อวานนะที่ผมเจอเขาแต่เป็น วานซื่นนี่ต่างหาก
John and his family moved here 5 years ago. จอร์นและครอบครัวของเขา ย้ายมาที่นี่ เมื่อ 5 ปีที่แล้ว
He knocked at my door when I was taking a shower. เขาเคาะประตูตอนที่ผมกำลังอาบน้ำ

A man was killed last night. ชายคนหนึ่งถูกฆ่าเมื่อคืนนี้
The man was arrested (by policeman) yesterday for murdering his brother. ผู้ชายคนนั้นถูกจับเมื่อวานในข้อหา ฆ่าพี่ชายตัวเอง
His family's pictures were removed from the wall 2 years ago (not last 2 years). Nobody know where they are now. รูปครอบครัวของเขาถูกย้ายไปจากผนังเมื่อสองปีก่อน ตอนนี้ไม่มีใครรู้ว่ารูปเหล่านั้นไปอยู่ที่ใหน

Note:
I've just learnt that there is tradition to give different gifts in each wedding anniversary and also vary by country. In case you don't know about this,  you can check it out at wikipedia.org

ผมพึ่งรู้ว่ามีประเพณีการให้ของขวัญซึ่งแตกต่างกันไปในแต่ละรอบของวันครบรอบวันแต่งงาน และก็แตกต่างกันไปในแต่ละประเทศอีกเช่นกัน ถ้าอยากรู้เรื่องราวเหล่านี้ ตามไปดูได้ที่ wikipedia.org

Reference:
Irregular Verbs
Past Simple + Past Continuous + Past Perfect Usage

VDO Section:

Here are the video that teaches past simple tense

Another good video that bring past simple to you

Hope you enjoy learning and watching the VDO. Please stay tuned for the next lessons.

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Exercise 2.2 - Reading: Read the passage and choose the best answer

TUSSAUD, MADAME (1761-1850) 

SWISS FOUNDER OF WAXWORKS MUSEUM

Three of the most popular places to visit in London are the Tower, the Zoo and Madame Tussaud's waxworks museum. This last-named building has the most famous exhibition of waxwork models of famous and notorious people in the world. It was created by a Swiss-born artist, Marie Tussaud. '

Marie Grosholtz was sent by her father to study wax modeling under her uncle in Paris. Over many years she modeled many famous people, particularly the leading figures in the French Revolution of 1789. As freshly severed heads fell from the guillotine, Marie started working on them immediately. Making these death masks kept her very busy.

In 1793 her uncle died' and she inherited his museum and its collection. Seven years later she moved to London and in 1802 she put on her first exhibition, in the Strand. It was called Madame Tussaud's because that was the name of the Frenchman she had married. The exhibition was very successful, and she took care to keep the figures up to date. In 1833 it moved to Baker Street and remained there till well past her death.

Her sons moved the exhibition to Marylebone Road in 1884, where it still stands today. Much of it was damaged by fire in 1925 but fortunately the molds from which the heads were made were rescued and by 1927 the building had been repaired and the figures replaced.

From: EN102 Text Book 

Exercise 2.2: Read the passage above and choose the best answer.

What is this passage about? 1. The most famous exhibition 2. The french Revolution 3. Madame Tussuad and her waxwork museum 4. Famous model With whom did Marie Grosholtz study waxwork modeling? 1. Her father 2. Her husband 3. Her uncle 4. Her teacher Whom did Marie use as her waxwork models? 1. The politicians 2. The English 3. The famous and notorious people in the world 4. The French Why was the waxwork museum called Madame Tussaud's? 1. Because poeple liek this name. 2. Because that was the name of the french man she had married. 3. Because she was the owner. 4. Because she inherited the museum from her uncle. What happened in 1925? 1. Her uncle gave her his museum. 2. The museum was moved to Marylebone Road. 3. The fire broke out and damaged the waxwork models. 4. She went to study wax modeling.         Answer:           What is this passage about? 1. The most famous exhibition 2. The french Revolution [3.] Madame Tussuad and her waxwork museum 4. Famous model With whom did Marie Grosholtz study waxwork modeling? 1. Her father 2. Her husband [3.] Her uncle 4. Her teacher Whom did Marie use as her waxwork models? 1. The politicians 2. The English [3.] The famous and notorious people in the world 4. The French Why was the waxwork museum called Madame Tussaud's? 1. Because poeple liek this name. [2.] Because that was the name of the french man she had married. 3. Because she was the owner. 4. Because she inherited the museum from her uncle. What happened in 1925? 1. Her uncle gave her his museum. 2. The museum was moved to Marylebone Road. [3.] The fire broke out and damaged the waxwork models. 4. She went to study wax modeling.

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Exercise 2.2 - Vocabulary: Choose the best answer.

Exercise 2.2: Choose the best answer.

At the party last night he wore a mask, so ___. 1. he looked very handsome 2. he hid his face 3. everybody rememberd him 4. nobody recognized him Since she has inhertied a large sum of money from ther father, ___. 1. she is beautiful 2. everybody hates her 3. she has no brother or sister 4. she is very wealthy She is a successful writer; ___. 1. she has traveled around the world 2. she has written many books 3. she has known everyone 4. she doesn't work anymore At the plant exhibition, ___. 1. a lot of plants are on sale 2. there are many kinds of animal 3. we have grown many flowers 4. the sold varieties of food Deng Xiao Pin was a prominent political figure; ___. 1. he had much influence in China 2. everybody loved him 3. he was very successful 4. he gained a large sum of money         Answer:           At the party last night he wore a mask, so nobody recognized him. 1. he looked very handsome 2. he hid his face 3. everybody rememberd him 4. nobody recognized him Since she has inhertied a large sum of money from ther father, she is very wealthy. 1. she is beautiful 2. everybody hates her 3. she has no brother or sister 4. she is very wealthy She is a successful writer; she has written may books. 1. she has traveled around the world 2. she has written many books 3. she has known everyone 4. she doesn't work anymore At the plant exhibition, a lot of plants are on sale. 1. a lot of plants are on sale 2. there are many kinds of animal 3. we have grown many flowers 4. the sold varieties of food Deng Xiao Pin was a prominent political figure; he had much influence in Chaina. 1. he had much influence in China 2. everybody loved him 3. he was very successful 4. he gained a large sum of money

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Exercise 2.1 - Vocabulary: Choose the best answer.

Exercise 2.1 - Vocabulary: Choose the best answer to each questions.

The poeple who saw the accident tried to ___ the passengers. 1. keep 2. rescure 3. save 4. collrect He has a large art ___. 1. craft 2. museum 3. collection 4. antique The factory was ___ by the fire. 1. checked 2. distinguished 3. smoked 4. damaged The victim didn not see the faces of the thieves clearly because they wore ___. 1. crowns 2. chains 3. cloaks 4. masks She made a ___ of clay. 1. body 2. model 3. moderator 4. mock         Answer:           The poeple who saw the accident tried to rescue the passengers. 1. keep [2.] rescure 3. save 4. collrect He has a large art collection. 1. craft 2. museum [3.] collection 4. antique The factory was damaged by the fire. 1. checked 2. distinguished 3. smoked [4.] damaged The victim didn not see the faces of the thieves clearly because they wore masks. 1. crowns 2. chains 3. cloaks [4.] masks She made a model of clay. 1. body [2.] model 3. moderator 4. mock

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Exercise 2.1 - Structure : Choose the best answer.

Exercise 2.1: Choose the best answer.

It was quite surprising that he ___ the examination. 1. passes 2. would pass 3. will pass 4. passed I always disappointed with the film; I ___ it to be much better. 1. will expecting 2. would expect 3. expected 4. expects I usually ___ shopping at weekends. 1. went 2. go 3. has gone 4. am going Tom's father ___ him how to drive when he was 17. 1. will teach 2. was teaching 3. had taught 4. taught I ___ a sauna every Friday evening. 1. will have 2. had 3. have had 4. have Tom ___ his house and ___ to London yesterday. 1. leaves, goes 2. left, went 3. would leave, would go 4. was leaving, was going Jane ___ the dinner for her husband. 1. was cooking 2. cooked 3. had cooked 4. has cooked When her son ___, they ___ dinner. 1. arrives, has 2. is arriving, are having 3. arrived, had 4. had arrived, had I ___ Jim as he was crossing the road. 1. see 2. am seeing 3. have seen 4. saw Last evening Tom and Jim ___ tennis and ___ at 8 o'clock. 1. play, finish 2. played, finished 3. have played, have finished 4. were playing, were finishing My train ___ in at 6.20 this morning. 1. got 2. has got 3. gets 4. is getting The phone ___ when I was having a shower. 1. rings 2. is ringing 3. rang 4. had rung It ___ to rain when I was walking home. 1. begins 2. began 3. have begun 4. will begin His mother ___ him because he ___ a plate last night. 1. blamed, breaks 2. blamed, broke 3. has blamed, has bloked 4. would, broke My sister ___ fluent English. 1. spoke 2. speaks 3. has spoken 4. will speak Jack has lived in London since he ___ born. 1. is 2. was 3. has been born 4. had been born Nurses ___ after patients in hospitals. 1. looked 2. looks 3. look 4. have looked The house was very quiet when I was ___ home. 1. get 2. was getting 3. have got 4. got I ___ Anne to dinner last night, but she couldn't come. 1. am inviting 2. invites 3. would invite 4. invited It ___ my first time in an aeroplane and I ___ very nervous. 1. is, am 2. was, was 3. is, was 4. was, am         Answer:           It was quite surprising that he passed the examination. 1. passes 2. would pass 3. will pass [4.] passed I always disappointed with the film; I expected it to be much better. 1. will expecting 2. would expect [3.] expected 4. expects I usually go shopping at weekends. 1. went [2.] go 3. has gone 4. am going Tom's father taught him how to drive when he was 17. 1. will teach 2. was teaching 3. had taught [4.] taught I have a sauna every Friday evening. 1. will have 2. had 3. have had [4.] have Tom left his house and went to London yesterday. 1. leaves, goes [2.] left, went 3. would leave, would go 4. was leaving, was going Jane cooked the dinner for her husband. 1. was cooking [2.] cooked 3. had cooked 4. has cooked When her son arrived, they had dinner. 1. arrives, has 2. is arriving, are having [3.] arrived, had 4. had arrived, had I saw Jim as he was crossing the road. 1. see 2. am seeing 3. have seen [4.] saw Last evening Tom and Jim played tennis and finished at 8 o'clock. 1. play, finish 2. played, finished [3.] have played, have finished 4. were playing, were finishing My train got in at 6.20 this morning. [1.] got 2. has got 3. gets 4. is getting The phone rang when I was having a shower. 1. rings 2. is ringing [3.] rang 4. had rung It began to rain when I was walking home. 1. begins [2.] began 3. have begun 4. will begin His mother blamed him because he broke a plate last night. 1. blamed, breaks [2.] blamed, broke 3. has blamed, has bloked 4. would, broke My sister speaks fluent English. 1. spoke [2.] speaks 3. has spoken 4. will speak Jack has lived in London since he was born. 1. is [2.] was 3. has been born 4. had been born Nurses look after patients in hospitals. 1. looked 2. looks [3.] look 4. have looked The house was very quiet when I was got home. 1. get 2. was getting 3. have got [4.] got I invited Anne to dinner last night, but she couldn't come. 1. am inviting 2. invites 3. would invite [4.] invited It was my first time in an aeroplane and I was very nervous. 1. is, am [2.] was, was 3. is, was 4. was, am

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