Chapter 12 : Indirect Speech/Reported Speech

โครงสร้างประโยค/Sentence Structure

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Present simple Tense S + V1 She asked "What time is it"?	Past simple Tense S + V2 She asked me what time it was.
Present continuous Tense S + is/am/are + V1+ing She asked "Where are you going?"	Past continuous Tense S + was/were + V1+ing She asked me where I was going.
Past simple Tense S + V2 She asked "where were you".	Past perfect Tense S + had+ V3 She asked me where I had been.
Past Continuous Tense S + was/were + V1+ing She asked "what were you doing when she called you?"	Past Perfect Continuous Tense S + had been + V1+ing She asked me what I had been doing when she had called me.
Present perfect Tense S + have/has + V3 She asked "where have you been?"	Past Perfect Tense S + had + V3 She asked me where I had been.
Future simple Tense S + will + V1 She asked "where will you go on the weekend?"	Future in past forms Tense S + would + V1 She asked me where I would go on the weekend

Note:
WH Question
ใช้ Wh Question เป็นคำเชื่อม เปลื่อนคำถามเป็นบอกเลา

Yes/No Question
ให้ใช้ ใช้ whether/ if

Unchanged Model
คำต่อไปนี้จะไม่มีการเปลียนแปลงเมื่อทำเป็น direct speech
would
could
might
should
ought to

คำเหล่านี้มีหลักการเปลี่ยนดังต่อไปนี้

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
can	could
may	might
shall	should
must	had to
come	go
bring	take
this	that
these	those
here	there

Pronouns
1. สรรพนามบุรุษที่ 1 เปลี่ยนตาม สรรพนาม ที่พูด ถ้าผู้พูดเป็นสรรพนามที่ 3

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
I	he/she
you	he/she/they
he/she/it	he/she/it
we	they
they	they
us	them
our	their
his/hers/its	his/hers/its

He said, “I live in New York”
Indirect speech: He said he lived in New York.

2. บุรุษสรรพนามที่ 1 จะไม่เปลี่ยน ถ้าผู้พูดเป็นบุรุษสรรพนามที่ 1
I said, "I write a letter"
Indirect speech: I said (that) I wrote a letter.

3. บุรุษสรรพนามที่ 2 จะเปลี่ยนตาม บุคคลที่กำลังพูดด้วย (object)
She said to him, "you look tired"
Indirect speech: She said to him that he looked tired.

He told me, "you need to go home now"
Indirect speech: He told me that I needed to go home then.

You asked me "Can you come with us?"
Indirect speech: you asked me if I could go with you.

4. บุรุษสรรพนามที่ 3 จะไม่มีการเปลี่ยน
Direct speech: They said, “he will walk home”
Indirect speech: They said that he would walked home.

Direct speech: You said, “they are taking the bus home”
Indirect speech: You said that they were taking the bus home.

Timing

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
ago	before, earlier
a year/month ago	a year/month before, the previous year/month
last… (night/week/moth/year)	the…before, the previous…
next… (night/week/moth/year)	the following…, the…after
now	then, at that time
the day before yesterday	two days before
the day after tomorrow	later in two days time, two days late
today	that day
tomorrow	the following day, the next day
tonight	that night
yesterday	the day before, the previous day

He told me "you need to finish your work tomorrow"
Indirect speech: He told me that I needed to finish my work the next day.

My boss said "you was late yesterday"
Indirect speech: My boss said to me that I had been late the day before.

He said to me with anger "you don't have to come today if you don't want to"
Indirect speech: He said to me with anger that I didn't have to go that day if I didn't want to.

References:
Chapter 1 : Present Simple Tense

Chapter 2 : Past Simple Tense
Chapter 3 : Present Continuous Tense
Chapter 4 : Past Continuous Tense
Chapter 5 : Present Perfect Tense 
Chapter 6 : Past Perfect Tense
Chapter 6 : Past Perfect Continuous Tense

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech.html
https://docshttp://www.englishpractice.com/improve/rules-change-pronouns-indirect-speech/.google.com/document/d/10YSlJ0HGOSL4oeMWIiRjWGMkl-KpT38iWcQa2aXHfF8/edit?hl=th